skulls {ade4} | R Documentation

## Morphometric Evolution

### Description

This data set gives four anthropometric measures of 150 Egyptean skulls belonging to five different historical periods.

### Usage

    data(skulls)

### Format

The `skulls` data frame has 150 rows (egyptean skulls) and 4 columns (anthropometric measures). The four variables are the maximum breadth (V1), the basibregmatic height (V2), the basialveolar length (V3) and the nasal height (V4). All measurements were taken in millimeters.

### Details

The measurements are made on 5 groups and 30 Egyptian skulls. The groups are defined as follows :
1 - the early predynastic period (circa 4000 BC)
2 - the late predynastic period (circa 3300 BC)
3 - the 12th and 13th dynasties (circa 1850 BC)
4 - the Ptolemiac period (circa 200 BC)
5 - the Roman period (circa 150 BC)

### Source

Thompson, A. and Randall-Maciver, R. (1905) Ancient races of the Thebaid, Oxford University Press.

### References

Manly, B.F. (1994) Multivariate Statistical Methods. A primer, Second edition. Chapman & Hall, London. 1–215.
The example is treated pp. 6, 13, 51, 64, 72, 107, 112 and 117.

### Examples

    data(skulls)
    pca1 <- dudi.pca(skulls, scan = FALSE)
    fac <- gl(5, 30)
    levels(fac) <- c("-4000", "-3300", "-1850", "-200", "+150")
    dis.skulls <- discrimin(pca1, fac, scan = FALSE)
    if(!adegraphicsLoaded())
      plot(dis.skulls, 1, 1)

[Package ade4 version 1.7-13 Index]