base-defunct {base} | R Documentation

## Defunct Functions in Package base

### Description

The functions or variables listed here are no longer part of R as they are no longer needed.

### Usage

    # Defunct in 1.x
    Version()
    provide(package)
    .Provided
    category(...)
    print.anova.glm(.)
    print.anova.lm(.)
    print.tabular(.)
    print.plot(.)
    save.plot(.)
    system.test(.)
    getenv(...)
    read.table.url(url, method, ...)
    scan.url(url, file = tempfile(), method, ...)
    source.url(url, file = tempfile(), method, ...)
    httpclient(url, port = 80, error.is.fatal = TRUE,
               check.MIME.type = TRUE, file = tempfile(),
               drop.ctrl.z = TRUE)
    parse.dcf(text = NULL, file = "", fields = NULL,
              versionfix = FALSE)
    .Alias(expr)
    print.ordered(.)
    .Dyn.libs
    .lib.loc
    machine()
    Machine()
    Platform()
    restart()
    printNoClass(x, digits = NULL, quote = TRUE, na.print = NULL,
                 print.gap = NULL, right = FALSE, ...)
    codes(x, ...)
    codes(x, ...) <- value

    # Defunct in 2.0.0
    La.eigen(x, symmetric, only.values = FALSE,
             method = c("dsyevr", "dsyev"))
    tetragamma(x)
    pentagamma(x)
    package.description(pkg, lib.loc = NULL, fields = NULL)

    # Defunct in 2.2.0
    loadURL(url, envir = parent.frame(), quiet = TRUE, ...)
    delay(x, env = .GlobalEnv)

    # Defunct in 2.3.0
    format.char(x, width = NULL, flag = "-")

    # Defunct in 2.4.0
    La.chol(x)
    La.chol2inv(x, size = ncol(x))

    # Defunct in 2.4.0
    symbol.C(name)
    symbol.For(name)

    # Defunct in 2.5.0
    unix(call, intern = FALSE)

    # Defunct in 2.8.0
    gammaCody(x)

    # Defunct in 2.9.0
    manglePackageName(pkgName, pkgVersion)

    # Defunct in 2.13.0
    .Import(...)
    .ImportFrom(name, ...)
    .Export(...)
    .S3method(generic, class, method)

    # Defunct in 2.14.0
    .First.lib(lib, pkg)

    # Defunct in 2.15.0
    mem.limits(nsize = NA, vsize = NA)
    .saveRDS(...)
    .readRDS(...)
    Sys.putenv(...)

    # Defunct in 3.0.0
    real(length = 0)
    as.real(x, ...)
    is.real(x)

    # Defunct in 3.1.0
    .find.package(...)
    .path.package(...)

### Details

Some of these have stubs which report that they are defunct, but most have been removed completely (apart from being documented here).

`category` has been an old-S function before there were factors; should be replaced by `factor` throughout!

The new function `dev.print()` should now be used for saving plots to a file or printing them.

`provide` and its object `.Provided` have been removed. Their intended purpose was to allow one package to subsume another, but this was never used.

`getenv` has been replaced by `Sys.getenv`.

`*.url` are replaced by calling `read.table`, `scan` or `source` on a `url` connection.

`httpclient` was used by the deprecated `"socket"` method of `download.file`.

`parse.dcf` has been replaced by `read.dcf`, which is much faster, but has a slightly different interface.

`.Alias` provided an unreliable way to create duplicate references to the same object. There is no direct replacement. Where multiple references to a single object are required for semantic reasons consider using environments or external pointers. There are some notes on https://developer.r-project.org.

`.Dyn.libs` and `.lib.loc` were internal variables used for storing and manipulating the information about packages with DLLs, and the known R library trees. These are now dynamic variables which one can get or set using `.dynLibs` and `.libPaths`, respectively.

`Machine()` and `Platform()` were functions returning the variables `.Machine` and `.Platform` respectively.

`restart()` should be replaced by `try()`, in preparation for an exception-based implementation. If you use `restart()` in a way that cannot be replaced with `try()` then ask for help on `r-devel`.

`printNoClass` was in package methods and called directly the internal function `print.default`.

`codes` was almost always used inappropriately. To get the internal coding of a factor, use `unclass`, `as.vector` or `as.integer`. For ordered factors, `codes` was equivalent to these, but for unordered factors it assumed an alphabetical ordering of the levels in the locale in use.

`La.eigen` has become the default for `eigen`.

`tetragamma` and `pentagamma` have been replaced by `psigamma`.

`package.description` has been replaced by `packageDescription` in package utils.

`loadURL` has been superseded by `load(url())`.

`delay` has been replaced by `delayedAssign`. Unevaluated promises should never be visible.

`write.table0` was an R-level version of `write.table` provided for temporary back-compatibility.

`format.char` was an auxiliary function for `formatC` whose functionality (and more) is provided by `format.default`.

`La.chol` and `La.chol2inv` became the default methods for `chol` and `chol2inv`.

Functions `symbol.C` and `symbol.For` were provided for historical compatibility with S. `symbol.C` just returns its argument unchanged, whereas `symbol.For` will map to lower case and append an underscore on those platforms (almost all) which do so for Fortran symbols. These are no longer of any use in R.

`unix` was a deprecated (since the 1990s) alternative to `system`, available for backwards compatibility with S.

`gammaCody` was the (Γ) function from the Specfun package used at C level in the Bessel code. The R-level interface was here for experimental purposes.

`manglePackageName` was part of the defunct support for versioned installs.

`.Import`, `.ImportFrom`, `.Export` and `.S3method` were part of an experimental alternative way to specify namespaces.

`.First.lib` was the load/attach hook for packages without namespaces: use `.onLoad` or `.onAttach` instead.

`mem.limits` reported on the old-style limits on the number of cons cells and size of the vector heap. These are no longer limited except by overall memory limits.

`.readRDS` and `.saveRDS`, were internal-only versions (and the only versions available prior to R 2.13.0) of `.readRDS` and `.saveRDS`.

`Sys.putenv` was a synonym for `Sys.setenv`, deprecated since R 2.5.0.

`real`, `as.real` and `is.real` were long-deprecated synonyms for the `double` versions.

`.find.package` and `.path.package` were internal-only versions prior to R 2.13.0, and since deprecated wrappers for `find.package` and `path.package`.

### See Also

`Defunct`, `base-deprecated`

[Package base version 3.4.2 Index]