as {methods} | R Documentation

## Force an Object to Belong to a Class

### Description

Coerce an object to a given class.

### Usage

    as(object, Class, strict=TRUE, ext)

    as(object, Class) <- value

### Arguments

`object` | any R object.
`Class` | the name of the class to which `object` should be coerced.
`strict` | logical flag. If `TRUE`, the returned object must be strictly from the target class (unless that class is a virtual class, in which case the object will be from the closest actual class, in particular the original object, if that class extends the virtual class directly). If `strict = FALSE`, any simple extension of the target class will be returned, without further change. A simple extension is, roughly, one that just adds slots to an existing class.
`value` | The value to use to modify `object` (see the discussion below). You should supply an object with class `Class`; some coercion is done, but you're unwise to rely on it.
`ext` | an optional object defining how `Class` is extended by the class of the object (as returned by `possibleExtends`). This argument is used internally; do not use it directly.

### Description

`as(object)` returns the version of this object coerced to be the given `Class`. When used in the replacement form on the left of an assignment, the portion of the object corresponding to `Class` is replaced by `value`.

The operation of `as()` in either form depends on the definition of coerce methods. Methods are defined automatically when the two classes are related by inheritance; that is, when one of the classes is a subclass of the other.

Coerce methods are also predefined for basic classes (including all the types of vectors, functions and a few others).

Beyond these two sources of methods, further methods are defined by calls to the `setAs` function. See that documentation also for details of how coerce methods work. Use `showMethods(coerce)` for a list of all currently defined methods, as in the example below.

### Basic Coercion Methods

Methods are pre-defined for coercing any object to one of the basic datatypes. For example, `as(x, "numeric")` uses the existing `as.numeric` function. These and all other existing methods can be listed as shown in the example.

### References

Chambers, John M. (2016) Extending R, Chapman & Hall. (Chapters 9 and 10.)

### See Also

If you think of using `try(as(x, cl))`, consider `canCoerce(x, cl)` instead.

### Examples

    ## Show all the existing methods for as()
    showMethods("coerce")

[Package methods version 3.4.3 Index]