dots {base} | R Documentation

## ..., `..1`, etc used in Functions

### Description

`...` and `..1`, `..2` etc are used to refer to arguments passed down from a calling function. These (and the following) can only be used inside a function which has `...` among it formal arguments.

`...elt(n)` is a functional way to get `..<n>` and basically the same as `eval(paste0("..", n))`, just more elegant and efficient. Note that `switch(n, ...)` is very close, differing by returning `NULL` invisibly instead of an error when `n` is zero or too large.

`...length()` returns the number of expressions in `...`. This is the same as `length(list(...))` but without evaluating the expressions in `...` (which happens with `list(...)`).

### Usage

    ...length()
    ...elt(n)

### Arguments

`n` | a positive integer, not larger than the number of expressions in ..., which is the same as `...length()` which is the same as `length(list(...))`, but the latter evaluates all expressions in `...`.

### See Also

`...` and `..1`, `..2` are reserved words in R, see `Reserved`.

For more, see the Introduction to R manual for usage of these syntactic elements, and dotsMethods for their use in formal (S4) methods.

### Examples

    tst <- function(n, ...) ...elt(n)
    tst(1, pi=pi*0:1, 2:4) ## [1] 0.000000 3.141593
    tst(2, pi=pi*0:1, 2:4) ## [1] 2 3 4
    try(tst(1)) # -> Error about '...' not containing an element.

    tst.dl <- function(x, ...) ...length()
    tst.dl(1:10)    # 0  (because the first argument is 'x')
    tst.dl(4, 5)    # 1
    tst.dl(4, 5, 6) # 2  namely '5, 6'
    tst.dl(4, 5, 6, 7, sin(1:10), "foo"/"bar") # 5.  Note: no evaluation!

[Package base version 3.5.1 Index]