vcovDC {plm} | R Documentation |
High-level convenience wrapper for double-clustering robust covariance matrix estimators a la Thompson (2011) and Cameron, Gelbach and Miller (2011) for panel models.
## S3 method for class 'plm' vcovDC(x, type = c("HC0", "sss", "HC1", "HC2", "HC3", "HC4"), ...)
x |
an object of class |
type |
the weighting scheme used, one of |
... |
further arguments |
.
vcovDC
is a function for estimating a robust covariance matrix of
parameters for a panel model with errors clustering along both dimensions.
The function is a convenience wrapper simply summing a group- and a
time-clustered covariance matrix and subtracting a diagonal one a la
White.
Weighting schemes specified by type
are analogous to those in vcovHC
in package sandwich and are justified theoretically (although in the context of the standard linear model) by MacKinnon and White (1985) and Cribari-Neto (2004) (see Zeileis (2004)).
The main use of vcovDC
is to be an argument to other functions,
e.g. for Wald-type testing: argument vcov.
to coeftest()
, argument vcov
to
waldtest()
and other methods in the lmtest package; and argument
vcov.
to linearHypothesis()
in the car package (see the examples). Notice that the vcov
and vcov.
arguments allow to supply a function (which is the safest) or a matrix (see Zeileis (2004), 4.1-2 and examples below).
An object of class "matrix"
containing the estimate of the covariance matrix of coefficients.
Giovanni Millo
Cameron, A.C., Gelbach, J.B., & Miller, D.L. (2011) Robust inference with multiway clustering, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 29(2), pp. 238–249.
Cribari-Neto, F. (2004) Asymptotic inference under heteroskedasticity of unknown form. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis 45(2), pp. 215–233.
MacKinnon, J. G. and White, H. (1985) Some heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimators with improved finite sample properties. Journal of Econometrics 29(3), pp. 305–325.
Thompson, S.B. (2011) Simple formulas for standard errors that cluster by both firm and time, Journal of Financial Economics 99(1), pp. 1–10.
Zeileis, A. (2004) Econometric Computing with HC and HAC Covariance Matrix Estimators. Journal of Statistical Software, 11(10), pp. 1–17. URL http://www.jstatsoft.org/v11/i10/.
vcovHC
from the sandwich package for weighting schemes (type
argument).
library(lmtest) library(car) data("Produc", package="plm") zz <- plm(log(gsp)~log(pcap)+log(pc)+log(emp)+unemp, data=Produc, model="pooling") ## standard coefficient significance test coeftest(zz) ## DC robust significance test, default coeftest(zz, vcov.=vcovDC) ## idem with parameters, pass vcov as a function argument coeftest(zz, vcov.=function(x) vcovDC(x, type="HC1", maxlag=4)) ## joint restriction test waldtest(zz, update(zz, .~.-log(emp)-unemp), vcov=vcovDC) ## test of hyp.: 2*log(pc)=log(emp) linearHypothesis(zz, "2*log(pc)=log(emp)", vcov.=vcovDC)