survSplit {survival} | R Documentation

## Split a survival data set at specified times

### Description

Given a survival data set and a set of specified cut times, split each record into multiple subrecords at each cut time. The new data set will be in ‘counting process’ format, with a start time, stop time, and event status for each record.

### Usage

    survSplit(formula, data, subset, na.action=na.pass,
                cut, start="tstart", id, zero=0, episode,
                                  end="tstop", event="event")

### Arguments

`formula` | a model formula
`data` | a data frame
`subset, na.action` | rows of the data to be retained
`cut` | the vector of timepoints to cut at
`start` | character string with the name of a start time variable (will be created if needed)
`id` | character string with the name of new id variable to create (optional). This can be useful if the data set does not already contain an identifier.
`zero` | If `start` doesn't already exist, this is the time that the original records start.
`episode` | character string with the name of new episode variable (optional)
`end` | character string with the name of event time variable
`event` | character string with the name of censoring indicator

### Details

Each interval in the original data is cut at the given points; if an original row were (15, 60] with a cut vector of (10,30, 40) the resulting data set would have intervals of (15,30], (30,40] and (40, 60].

Each row in the final data set will lie completely within one of the cut intervals. Which interval for each row of the output is shown by the `episode` variable, where 1= less than the first cutpoint, 2= between the first and the second, etc. For the example above the values would be 2, 3, and 4.

The routine will normally be called with a formula as the first argument. The right hand side of the formula can be used to delimit variables that should be retained; normally one will use `~ .` as a shorthand to retain them all. When called in this way the routine will try to retain variable names, e.g. `Surv(adam, joe, fred)~.` will result in a data set with those same variable names for `tstart`, `end`, and `event` options rather than the defaults. Any user specified values for these options will be used if they are present, of course. However, the routine is not sophisticated; it only does this substitution for simple names. A call of `Surv(time, stat==2)` for instance will result in use of the 'event' argument for that variable name. The `end` and `event` arguments are required if there is no formula.

Rows of data with a missing time or status are copied across unchanged, unless the na.action argument is changed from its default value of `na.pass`. But in the latter case any row that is missing for any variable will be removed, which is rarely what is desired.

### Value

New, longer, data frame.

### See Also

`Surv`, `cut`, `reshape`

### Examples

    fit1 <- coxph(Surv(time, status) ~ karno + age + trt, veteran)
    plot(cox.zph(fit1)[1])
    # a cox.zph plot of the data suggests that the effect of Karnofsky score
    #  begins to diminish by 60 days and has faded away by 120 days.
    # Fit a model with separate coefficients for the three intervals.
    #
    vet2 <- survSplit(Surv(time, status) ~., veteran,
                       cut=c(60, 120), episode ="timegroup")
    fit2 <- coxph(Surv(tstart, time, status) ~ karno* strata(timegroup) +
                    age + trt, data= vet2)
    c(overall= coef(fit1)[1],
      t0_60  = coef(fit2)[1],
      t60_120= sum(coef(fit2)[c(1,4)]),
      t120   = sum(coef(fit2)[c(1,5)]))

[Package survival version 2.41-3 Index]